The requirements of Hopcalite catalyst for the working environment
The working efficiency and stability of the Hopcalite catalyst are highly dependent on environmental conditions. The following is a summary of the specific requirements for the environment during its operation:
1. Humidity Requirements
The core requirement is that it must be strictly controlled below 10%.
Reason: The active component of the Hopcalite is highly prone to adsorbing water vapor. When the environmental humidity exceeds 10%, water vapor will occupy the active sites on the catalyst surface, resulting in a significant decrease in its catalytic efficiency; when the humidity exceeds 45%, the catalyst will undergo permanent deactivation due to severe moisture absorption (commonly known as "poisoning").
Countermeasures: In practical applications (such as in gas masks and lifeboats), it is necessary to install highly efficient desiccants (such as silica gel and molecular sieves) before the Hopcalite layer to ensure that the humidity of the air entering the catalyst meets the requirements.
II. Temperature Requirements
Appropriate range: 20℃ to 200℃.
Optimal working temperature: 20℃ to 40℃. Within this temperature range, the catalyst exhibits the highest activity and the best catalytic conversion efficiency for carbon monoxide (CO).
Temperature impact:
Too low temperature: The reaction rate will slow down, resulting in a decrease in CO removal efficiency.
Excessive temperature: It may cause the catalyst carrier (such as alumina) to undergo sintering, destroying its porous structure and permanently reducing its activity.
III. Gas Component Requirements
The Hopcalite t is highly sensitive to certain components in the gas. These components can cause it to "poison" and lose its effectiveness.
Strictly Prohibited Components:
Alkene compounds (such as ethylene, propylene, etc.): The unsaturated bonds in these substances will strongly adsorb onto the active metals on the catalyst surface (such as platinum, palladium), forming stable surface compounds, which permanently occupy the active sites and prevent them from catalyzing the oxidation of CO.
Sulfides (such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide): They will undergo chemical reactions with the active components of the catalyst, causing it to lose its catalytic ability.
Other influencing factors:
High concentration of CO: Although the main function of the Hopcalite is to catalyze the oxidation of CO, if the concentration of CO is too high (generally, it is considered that the single treatment concentration should not exceed 50,000 ppm), it may exceed its catalytic load, resulting in reduced removal efficiency or incomplete reaction.
IV. Other Supplementary Requirements
Gas residence time: In industrial applications, to ensure that CO is fully catalytically converted, the residence time of the gas in the catalyst layer should be no less than 0.2 seconds. This means that the amount of catalyst needed should be calculated and filled appropriately based on the gas flow rate and CO concentration.
Air flow uniformity: The gas should flow uniformly through the catalyst bed, avoiding the occurrence of channeling or short-circuiting, in order to ensure that all the catalysts can effectively participate in the reaction.
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