The hazards of high-concentration ozone
High concentrations of ozone can have multiple negative impacts on human health and the ecological environment, as detailed below:
I. Harm to Human Health
Respiratory System Damage
Ozone is highly oxidizing. When inhaled, it irritates the respiratory mucosa, causing symptoms such as coughing, sore throat, and chest tightness. Long-term exposure may lead to chronic bronchitis, exacerbated asthma, and even reduced lung function. Studies have shown a direct correlation between high ozone exposure and increased childhood asthma rates.
Cardiovascular Effects
Ozone can enter the circulatory system through the bloodstream, triggering inflammatory responses and increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke, particularly threatening the elderly and individuals with cardiovascular conditions.
Other Health Issues
It damages the skin's stratum corneum, leading to aging and pigmentation; irritates the eyes, causing conjunctivitis; and may weaken the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections.
II. Damage to the Ecological Environment
Impaired Plant Growth
Ozone disrupts the photosynthetic systems in plant leaves, causing yellowing, defoliation, and reduced crop yields (e.g., wheat, rice, soybeans) and forest ecosystem health. In parts of Europe, for instance, ozone pollution has led to crop yield reductions of 10%-25%.
Accelerated Material Aging
Its strong oxidizing properties erode rubber, plastics, textiles, and other materials, shortening their lifespan and increasing economic losses (e.g., aging automobile tires, deterioration of building materials).
Indirect Exacerbation of Climate Issues
Ground-level ozone is a greenhouse gas; increased concentrations enhance the greenhouse effect, further driving global warming.
III. Impact on Animals and Ecosystems
- Impairs respiratory function in aquatic organisms, disrupting aquatic ecological balance;
- Threatens the survival of pollinators like insects, indirectly affecting plant reproduction and ecological chain stability.
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